| F-15J Eagle | |
|---|---|
| A Japan Air Self Defense Force F-15DJ in flight. | |
| Role | Fighter aircraft |
| Manufacturer | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries |
| First flight | 4 June 1980 |
| Introduction | 7 December 1981 |
| Primary user | Japan Air Self Defense Force |
| Number built | 213 |
| Developed from | McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle |
The Mitsubishi F-15J/DJ Eagle is a twin-engine, all-weather interceptor fighter based on the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle in use by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). It was produced under license by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. The subsequent F-15DJ and F-15J Kai variants were also produced. Japan is the largest customer of the F-15 Eagle outside the United States.[1] In addition to combat, F-15DJ roles include training. The F-15J Kai is a modernized version of the F-15J.
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In June–July 1975, the Japan Defense Agency (JDA, now Ministry of Defense) examined the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle as one of the 13 candidates for the replacement fighter of the F-104J/DJ Starfighter and F-4EJ Phantom II. A single-seat F-15C and a twin-seat F-15D were evaluated at Edwards AFB, and by December that year, the F-15 was announced the winner, with the government intending to purchase 187 F-15J/DJs. By April 1978, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries was designated as the primary contractor and licensing for the F-15C/D was achieved.[2][3]
After congressional review, the Department of Defense (DoD) withheld the aircraft's electronic warfare and engine systems from the licensing. Initially, the aircraft were produced in the U.S. and exported to Japan. This initial export production contributed to aircraft development under the defense industry of Japan while facilitating base production of aircraft, achieving the goal of producing a fighter to Japan's requirements.[4]
The Japan Air Self-Defense Force acquired 203 F-15Js and 20 F-15DJs, of which 2 F-15Js and 12 F-15DJs were built by McDonnell Douglas in St. Louis, Missouri.[2] Dubbed the "Peace Eagle" by the DoD FMS program, the first F-15J built in St. Louis was delivered to the United States Air Force for its first flight on 4 June 1980, and a subsequent cruise on 15 July to Japan. Additionally, 8 F-15Js were manufactured in large components and shipped to Japan for final assembly by Komaki of Mitsubishi, the first of these making its maiden flight on 26 August 1981 (serial number 12–8803).[2][5] Companies divided the remainder share and produced it under license from 1981, with final assembly of aircraft performed by Mitsubishi.[2]
In 1980, the Japanese government applied for access to advanced technology through the U.S.-Japan Forum (S&TF) but was rejected. The JDA and the DoD held an annual meeting about relaxation of the regulation after a program was started. In these meetings, the DoD official gave an answer that permitted access to initially prohibited technology of various types including composite material.[6]
In the latter period of 1981, the first F-15J/DJ aircraft were sent to the 202 Squadron, which was reorganized as an Eagle FTU and renamed the 23 Flying Training Squadron at Nyutabaru base on 21 December 1982. The JASDF developed a plan to form the first squadron after the notorious KAL007 shooting down by a Soviet Su-15 on 1 September 1983. In March 1984, new F-15Js began replacing the 203 Squadron's F-104Js at Chitose base, located across the La Pérouse Strait from the Soviet fighter base on Sakhalin Island.[2][7]
F-15J/DJs is identical to F-15C/Ds from ECM, radar warning system, and nuclear equipment. The AN/ALQ-135 Internal Countermeasures System is replaced by indigenous J/ALQ-8 and the AN/ALR-56 Radar Warning Receiver is replaced by J/APR-4. The engine is the Pratt & Whitney F100 turbofan, which IHI Corporation produced under license. Some are still characterized by Inertial Measurement unit, an old type of the Inertial Navigation unit. All F-15J/DJs has two old UHF radios, which are also VHF capable.[8]
JASDF pilots does not use much Japanese, but is characterized by a indigenous Tactical Electronic Warfare System suite because the non-Japanese is effective. F-15Js is characterized by indigenous data link, but they do not support Link 16 FDL mounted by USAF F-15C. It works as a basic bidirectional link with the Japanese ground-controlled intercept network, and it is limited because it is not a true network.[8]
Mitsubishi received F-15C/Ds MSIP and began with 1987 on F-15J/DJs to produce. Improvements included an uprated central computer, engines, Armament control set and added J/APQ-1 countermeasure set. Even the JASDF F-15s which already went into service caught the Japanese MSIP at the time of repair (IRAN).[9][10] F-15J MSIPs were replaced from 1992 to F100-PW-220 (Also IHI-220 as); from 1996 to F100-PW-220E (Also IHI-220E as) was replaced.[11] The difference in the appearance includes J/ALQ-8 ICS which an ICS antenna mounted under the intake. The J/APQ-4 RWR antenna position of F-15J/DJs is the same as F-15C/Ds, but the lens of F-15J/DJ MSIPs are black for white F-15C/Ds.[8]
F-15Js have been equipped with the Japanese-built AAM-3 missile, an improved Sidewinder follow-on with distinctive "barbed" forward fins. Japan has been trying to obtain an Advanced fighter (F-22 Raptor) to replace the F-15, but the search has been troublesome, and so the F-15J fleet is now being generally upgraded to keep the aircraft in fighting trim.[12] In 28 July 2003, examination F-15J of the modernization did first flight (#928), and it was delivered to the JASDF Air Development Test Wing on 21 October 2003.[13][14]
In 10 December 2004, the Japanese Government approved a Mid-Term Defense Program (MTDP) to perform modernization of F-15J MSIPs in five years by the cause of a new National Defense Program Guidelines.[15] It appears the upgrade is being implemented in phases, but ultimately the refits will include a new ejection seat; replaced IHI-220E engines; more powerful processor; uprated electrical generation and cooling capabilities to support more avionics and the Raytheon AN/APG-63(V)1 radar.[12] The APG-63(V)1 radar has been retrofitted to F-15Js by Mitsubishi Electric produced them under license from 1997. The Raytheon expects the programme will ultimately installing to 80 F-15Js.[16]
The Ministry of Defense (MoD) requested modernization and the reconnaissance deployment of F-15Js in June 2007, and it was a plan to improve certain F-15Js with synthetic aperture radar pods; these aircraft will replace RF-4 Phantom II currently in service.[17][18]
In 17 December 2009, on the approved budget, the upgrade F-15J with Reconnaissance capacity plan disappeared after the Democratic Party arrived at the government by General Election in 2009, and they were shelved the acquisition of the new Reconnaissance aircraft and the new Cargo aircraft in the revised MTDP, and gave priority to improvement of the F-15J and the F-2. F-15Js was increased from 26 to 48, and MoD purchased the part of the modernization for 38 fighters, however, the budget for improvement for the modernization is unfinished. 48 F-15Js of those get a Link 16 datalink and helmet-mounted sight after getting an original MTDPs modernization.[19] The new radar will support the AAM-4 missile, the Japanese answer to the AMRAAM, and the helmet-mounted sight will support the AAM-5 dogfighting missile, which will replace the AAM-3.[12]
As for the new MTDP approved on 17 December of the next year, the modernization retrogressed to 16 F-15Js.[20] The MoD reduced it and they submitted 10 F-15Js modernization plan and restrained it.[21]
General characteristics
Performance
Armament
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